The “summer slide” refers to a long-studied period of learning loss among K-12 students over the summer months, resulting in disproportionate declines for low-income students who may not have access to supplemental summertime learning opportunities that higher-income students do. This year, the gulf between students on either side of the digital divide could widen further. The survey found that rural districts, too, were significantly more reliant on physically distributed materials than urban districts. Of the K-12 school districts surveyed, 47 percent of high-poverty districts emphasized physically distributed materials such as paper packets as a “primary component” of their distance learning rollout, compared to just 18 percent of low-poverty districts.
Palo Verde Unified’s response reflects a trend across higher-poverty districts, according to a preliminary survey by the American Institutes for Research. Read all of our coronavirus coverage here. She estimates that a third of her fourth grade students reported not having internet access at home, while others shared a single computer between siblings and parents who were also working from home. Wiggins also created online lessons, but those were considered optional. Instead, PVUSD distributed paper “learning packets” every two weeks. While the state’s larger school districts, like Los Angeles and San Diego, marshaled the resources to provide laptops and network hot spots to thousands of students last spring, Palo Verde Unified School District did not. A Pew Research study found that during the spring lockdown 36 percent of low-income parents reported that their children were unable to complete their schoolwork at home because they did not have access to a computer, compared with just 14 percent of middle-income parents and 4 percent of upper-income parents.
But the pandemic made the digital divide in K-12 education all the more apparent. With just days left before the start of the school year, she isn’t sure how her students, many of whom do not have access to their own internet-connected devices, are going to fare with another semester of distance learning.Įducators have known that inequalities in internet and technology access long preexisted the pandemic, disproportionately impacting Black, Hispanic, Native American, and low-income families. Even for those who have access to the internet, outages across town aren’t uncommon, says Wiggins. Moreover, a 2018 US Census estimate found that 30 percent of households in Blythe do not have broadband internet.
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Nearly 70 percent of students in the school district are on a free or reduced-priced lunch plan, an indicator of a family’s low-income status. Wiggins' school is in the small desert town of Blythe, which sits on the California-Arizona border and has a population of around 20,000. Because of the uptick of coronavirus cases in Riverside County, California, the Palo Verde Unified School District where she teaches was required by the state to begin remotely. This year, Wiggins’ classroom walls are empty. She would have decorated her classroom in bright, inviting colors, multiplication and division tables, and a poster that displays each student’s birthday. The curriculum for her fourth grade class, honed over years of teaching, would have been ready. Very good.In a normal school year, Breanne Wiggins would have been prepared to welcome her new students by now. On the Set: Digital Playground's Teenlicious (Shawna Lenee, Rio Valentine, Gabriella FoxZeian Hart, Riley Steele). Behind the Scenes: Wicked Pictures' Lolita (Lupe Fuentes & Kaylani Lei Lupe & Sienna Milano in a furry scene with tiger and bunny-suited partners Lupe Fuentes, Madison Ivy & Spyder Jonez Breanne Benson & Tommy Gunn Alexa Nicole & Brad Armstrong). Bruidget & Mia: Young Lesbos' Pussy-plya. Features: Capri Anderson: Charlie Sheen's XXX Escort Revealed. Includes hardcore penetrations & dildo play. Cute looks, pert breasts, pigtails, shaved beaver shots and such, in the mode of Barely Legal. 112pp., including covers, glossy erotic men's pornography magazine featuring sexually explicit, hardcore pictorials featuring porn stars and nude models.